Outline of Contents
I. ADMINISTRATION AND AGENCIES OF PUBLIC HEALTH
A. OFFICIAL GOVERNMENTAL HEALTH AGENCIES
1. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENTAL HEALTH AGENCIES
Administration for Children and Families
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Bureau of the Census
Center for Mental Health Services
Center for Substance Abuse Prevention
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Environmental Protection Agency
Epidemic Intelligence Service
Food and Drug Administration
Health Care Financing Administration
Health Resources and Services Administration
National Center for Health Statistics
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
National Institute on Aging
National Institute on Drug Abuse
National Institutes of Health
Office on Smoking and Health
Official U. S. Health Agencies
Public Health Practice Program Office
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
United States Consumer Product Safety Commission
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
United States Department of Energy (USDOE)
United States Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS)
United States Public Health Service (USPHS)
2. STATE AND LOCAL HEALTH AGENCIES
Accreditation of Local and State Health Departments
Boards of Health
Citizens Advisory Boards
Director of Health
School Health
State and Local Health Departments
3. INTERNATIONAL HEALTH AGENCIES
Canadian International Development Agency
Pan American Health Organization
UNICEF
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
B. NONGOVERNMENTAL HEALTH AGENCIES
AARP
American Association of Retired Persons (see AARP)
American Cancer Society
American Heart Association
American Lung Association
Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care
Churches (see Faith-Based Organizations)
Citizens Advisory Boards
Council on Linkages
Faith-Based Organizations
Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)
Institute of Medicine
International Nongovernmental Organizations
Labor Unions
Managed Care
Médecins Sans Frontières (see International Nongovernmental Organizations)
National Academy of Sciences
Neighborhood Health Centers
Nongovernmental Organizations, International (see International Nongovernmental Organizations)
Nongovernmental Organizations, United States
Pharmaceutical Industry
Pressure Groups
Private Foundations
Public Health Foundation
Trade Unions (see Labor Unions)
United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Voluntary Health Organizations (see Nongovernmental Organizations, United States)
C. METHODS OF PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
1. PRACTICE OF PUBLIC HEALTH
Accreditation of Public Health Training Programs
Advocacy Groups (see Pressure Groups)
Assessment Protocol for Excellence in Public Health (see Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships)
Benefit-Cost Analysis
Benefits, Ethics, and Risks
Block Grants for Public Health
Budget
Certification of Public Health Workers
Coalitions, Consortia, and Partnerships
Continuous Quality Assessment
Cost-Effectiveness
Council on Linkages
Economics of Health
Environmental Movement
Equity and Resource Allocation
Evaluation of Public Health Programs
Healthy People 2010
Legal Liability of Public Health Officials
Legislation and Regulation
Mass Medication
Mobilizing for Action through Planning and Partnerships
Police Powers
Policy for Public Health
Politics of Public Health
Practice of Public Health
Pressure Groups
2. STATE AND LOCAL PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
Accreditation of Local and State Health Departments
Administration of Public Health (see Director of Health)
Boards of Health
Citizens Advisory Boards
Community Assessment (see Community Health)
Community Health
Community Health Report Cards
Community Organization
Decentralization and Community Health
Director of Health
Essential Public Health Services
Participation in Community Health Planning
Practice Standards
Rural Public Health
School Health
State and Local Health Departments
D. POSITIONS AND PREPARATION FOR WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH
Accreditation of Public Health Training Programs
Administration of Public Health (see Director of Health)
Biostatistics
Careers in Public Health
Certification of Public Health Workers
Clerical Work
Communications as a Career
Council on Education for Public Health
Director of Health
Engineer, Public Health Career
Epidemiologist
Finance as a Career
Health Administration, Career in
Health Care Personnel (see Careers in Public Health)
Health Educator
Laboratory Technician
Leadership
Microbiologist
Nurse
Personnel (see Careers in Public Health)
Physician
Public Health and the Law
Public Health Leadership Institute
Public Health Nursing
Sanitarian
Social Work
Surgeon General
Training for Public Health
E. FIELDS OF ENDEAVOR IN PUBLIC HEALTH
Air Pollution (see Ambient Air Quality [Air Pollution])
Behavior, Health-Related
Benefit-Cost Analysis
Child Health Services
Communicable Disease Control
Community Dental Prevention Programs
Community Health
Community Organization
Demography
Disease Prevention
Economics of Health
Environmental Movement
Epidemic Intelligence Service
Epidemiology
Eugenics
Future of Public Health
Genetics and Health
Gerontology
Health Promotion and Education
History of Public Health
Hospital Administration
Information Technology
International Health
Laboratory Services
Low-Birthweight Infants (see Infant Health; Infant Mortality Rate; Perinatology; Pregnancy)
Managed Care
Mass Media
Maternal and Child Health
Media Advocacy
Medical Care (see Personal Health Services)
Noncommunicable Disease Control
Nutrition
Nutrition in Health Departments
Occupational Safety and Health
Old Age (see Gerontology)
Personal Health Services
Planning for Public Health
Pressure Groups
Prevention
Preventive Medicine
Public Health and the Law
Regional Health Planning
Research in Health Departments
Sanitation
Sanitation in Developing Countries
School Health
Statistics for Public Health
Tobacco Control
Training for Public Health
Tropical Infectious Diseases
Tropical Medicine (see Tropical Infectious Diseases)
Women's Health
F. PROFESSIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC ASSOCIATIONS
American Association of Public Health Dentistry
American Association of Public Health Physicians
American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
American College of Preventive Medicine
American Journal of Public Health
American Medical Association
American Public Health Association
Association of Schools of Public Health
Association of State and Territorial Dental Directors
Association of State and Territorial Health Officials
Association of Teachers of Preventive Medicine
Journal of Public Health Management and Practice
National Association of County and City Health Officials
National Association of Local Boards of Health
Society for Risk Analysis
Society of Toxicology
II. COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
A. MAJOR COMMUNICABLE DISEASES AND THEIR MEANS OF SPREAD
1. GENERAL
Carrier
Common Vehicle Spread
Contagion
Cross Infection
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Epidemics
Epidemic Theory: Herd Immunity
Filth Diseases
Infection (see Antisepsis and Sterilization; Contagion)
Tropical Infectious Diseases
Tropical Medicine (see Tropical Infectious Diseases)
Tularemia
Viral Infections (see Communicable Diseases)
Zoonoses
2. PERSON-TO-PERSON SPREADA. RESPIRATORY EXCHANGE
Acute Respiratory Diseases
Bronchitis
Chicken Pox and Shingles
Common Cold (see Acute Respiratory Disease)
Diphtheria
German Measles (see Rubella)
Herpes Zoster (see Chicken Pox and Shingles)
Infantile Paralysis (see Poliomyelitis)
Influenza
Measles
Mumps
Pertussis
Poliomyelitis
Rubella
Shingles (see Chicken Pox and Shingles)
Smallpox
Streptococcal Infection
Tuberculosis
Varicella (see Chicken Pox and Shingles)
Whooping Cough (see Pertussis)
B. DURING SEXUAL ACTIVITY
AIDS (see HIV/AIDS)
Chlamydia
Genital Herpes
Gonorrhea
HIV/AIDS
Human Papillomavirus Infection
Prostitution
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Syphilis
C. OTHER PERSONAL CONTACT
Cytomegalovirus Disease
Leprosy
Ophthalmia Neonatorum
Smallpox
Staphylococcal Infection
3. SPREAD VIA FOOD AND/OR WATER
Botulism
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
Brucellosis
Campylobacter Infection
Cholera
Cryptosporidiosis
Diarrhea (see Food-Borne Diseases; Waterborne Diseases)
Dracunculosis
Food-Borne Diseases
Mad Cow Disease (see Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy; Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy)
Regulations Affecting Restaurants
Restaurants (see Regulations Affecting Restaurants)
Salmonellosis
Shigellosis
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy
Trichinosis
Typhoid
Typhoid Mary
Waterborne Diseases
Worms (see Dracunculosis; Trichinosis)
4. SPREAD BY INSECT VECTORS
Arboviral Encephalitides
Black Death
Bubonic Plague (see Plague)
Chagas Disease (see Trypanosomiasis)
Eastern Equine Encephalitis (see Arboviral Encephalitides)
Encephalitis (see Arboviral Encephalitides)
Leishmaniasis
Malaria
Onchocerciasis
Plague
Relapsing Fever
Rickettsial Diseases
Trypanosomiasis
Tularemia
Typhus, Epidemic
Vector-Borne Diseases
West Nile Virus (see Arboviral Encephalitides)
Yellow Fever
5. SPREAD BY OTHER MEANS
AIDS (see HIV/AIDS)
Anthrax
Candidiasis
Fungal Infections
Hookworm
Injection Drug Use and HIV Infection
Nosocomial Infections
Psittacosis
Q Fever
Rabies
Ringworm (see Fungal Infections)
Schistosomiasis
Tetanus
B. COMMON TESTS FOR COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Blot, Western
Diagnostic Testing for Communicable Disease
Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption
Mantoux Test
Serologic Test for Syphilis (see VDRL Test)
Serological Markers
T-Test
Tuberculin Test (see Mantoux Test)
VDRL Test
C. CONTROL MEASURES
1. GENERAL
Antisepsis and Sterilization
Barrier Nursing
Communicable Disease Control
Contact
Disinfection (see Antisepsis and Sterilization)
Germ Theory of Disease (see Theories of Health and Illness)
Isolation
Notifiable Diseases
Quinine (see Malaria)
Reportable Diseases (see Notifiable Diseases)
2. PERSONAL HEALTH SERVICES
Antibiotics
Diphtheria Vaccine
Fungicides
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B Vaccine
Hepatitis A Vaccine
Hepatitis B Vaccine
Immunizations
Penicillin
Pneumococcal Vaccine
Quinine (see Malaria)
Travel Health Precautions
Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (see Immunizations)
Vaccines (see Immunizations)
3. PERSONAL-BEHAVIORAL PROTECTIVE MEASURES
Condoms
Travel Health Precautions
4. OTHER ASPECTS OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASE CONTROL
Animal Control (see Veterinary Public Health)
Antibody, Antigen
Chlorination
Cold Chain
Cordon Sanitaire
Quarantine
Reporting, Mandatory
Veterinary Public Health
Zoonoses
5. ALSO SEE IX. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
III. NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES AND CONDITIONS
A. MAJOR NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES, CONDITIONS, AND THEIR PRECURSORS
1. CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Atherosclerosis
Blood Lipids
Blood Pressure
Cardiovascular Diseases
Cholesterol (see Blood Lipids; Cholesterol Test; HDL Cholesterol; LDL Cholesterol)
Cholesterol Test
Coronary Artery Disease
Electrocardiography
Exercise (see Physical Activity)
Fats
Framingham Study
HDL Cholesterol
Heart Disease (see Cardiovascular Diseases; Coronary Artery Disease)
High Blood Pressure (see Blood Pressure)
Hyperlipidemia
Hyperthyroidism
Ischemic Heart Disease (see Coronary Artery Disease)
LDL Cholesterol
Lipids (see Blood Lipids; Hyperlipidemia; Lipoproteins)
Lipoproteins
Myocardial Infarction (see Coronary Artery Disease)
Physical Activity
Stroke
Triglycerides
VLDL Cholesterol
2. CANCER
Breast Cancer
Breast Cancer Screening
Breast Self-Examination
Cancer
Cancer Registries (see Registries)
Carcinogen
Carcinogen Assessment Groups
Carcinogenesis
Cervical Cancer
Chewing and Smokeless Tobacco, Snuff
Colonoscopy (see Colorectal Cancer)
Colorectal Cancer
Digital Rectal Exam (see Colorectal Cancer; Prostate Cancer)
Environmental Tobacco Smoke
Fecal Occult Blood Test (see Colorectal Cancer)
Lung Cancer
Malignancy (see Cancer)
Mammography
Melanoma
Mesothelioma
Oral Cancer
Ovarian Cancer
Pap Smear
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)
Prostate Cancer
Rectal Examination (see Colorectal Cancer; Prostate Cancer)
SEER Program
Sigmoidoscopy (see Colorectal Cancer)
Skin Cancer
Tamoxifen
Testicular Self-Examination
Uterine Cancer
3. DIABETES
Diabetes Mellitus
Glycosylated Hemoglobin
Hypoglycemia (see Diabetes Mellitus; Nutrition)
4. CHRONIC PULMONARY DISEASE
Asthma
Chronic Pulmonary Disease
Emphysema
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
Occupational Lung Disease
Pneumoconiosis (see Occupation Lung Disease)
Pulmonary Function
5. MENTAL HEALTH
Alzheimer's Disease
Bi-Polar Disease (see Depression; Mental Health)
Community Mental Health Centers
Community Mental Health Services
Dementia
Depression
Down Syndrome (see Medical Genetics)
Mental Health
Mental Health Centers (see Community Mental Health Centers; Mental Health)
Mental Retardation
Psychosis (see Dementia; Depression; Mental Health; Schizophrenia)
Schizophrenia
6. ARTHRITIS
Arthritis (see Osteoarthritis; Rheumatoid Arthritis)
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
B. OTHER NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES, CONDITIONS, AND PRECURSORS
Amenorrhea (see Menstrual Cycle)
Anorexia
Blood-Borne Diseases
Bone Densitometry (see Osteoporosis)
Cataract
Chronic Illness
Cirrhosis
Congenital Anomalies
Deafness (see Hearing Disorders)
Diet (see Nutrition)
Eating Disorders
Functional Capacity
Gallstones
Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers
Genitourinary Disease
Goiter
Hearing Disorders
Hematocrit
Hemoglobin
Hemoglobinopathies
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Menstrual Cycle
Minamata Disease
Multiple Sclerosis
Musculoskeletal Disorders
Obesity (see Nutrition; Physical Activity)
Osteoporosis
Paternity
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Phenylketonuria
Pregnancy
Reproduction
Retail Sales of Tobacco (see Enforcement of Retail Sales of Tobacco)
Sickle Cell Disease
Teenage Pregnancy
Thyroid Disorders
Thyroid Function Tests
Vision Disorders
C. COMMON TESTS FOR NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Breast Cancer Screening
Breast Self-Examination
Cervical Cytology (see Pap Smear)
Cholesterol Test
Clinical Breast Examination
Colonoscopy (see Colorectal Cancer)
Digital Rectal Exam (see Colorectal Cancer; Prostate Cancer)
Fecal Occult Blood Test (see Colorectal Cancer)
Mammography
Pap Smear
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)
Rectal Examination (see Colorectal Cancer; Prostate Cancer)
Screening
Sigmoidoscopy (see Colorectal Cancer)
Testicular Self-Examination
Thyroid Function Tests
D. CONTROL MEASURES
Adolescent Smoking
Ambient Air Quality (Air Pollution)
Behavior, Health-Related
Breast Cancer Screening
Breast Self-Examination
Cervical Cytology (see Pap Smear)
Cholesterol Test
Clinical Breast Examination
Colonoscopy (see Colorectal Cancer)
Community Mental Health Centers
Community Mental Health Services
Diet (see Nutrition)
Digital Rectal Exam (see Colorectal Cancer; Prostate Cancer)
Enforcement of Retail Sales of Tobacco
Environmental Determinants of Health
Environmental Tobacco Smoke
Exercise (see Physical Activity)
Fats
Fecal Occult Blood Test (see Colorectal Cancer)
Hearing Protection
Mammography
National Asthma Education and Prevention Program
National High Blood Pressure Education Program
Noncommunicable Disease Control
Nutrition
Pap Smear
Personal Health Services
Physical Activity
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)
Rectal Examination (see Colorectal Cancer; Prostate Cancer)
SEER Program
Screening
Sigmoidoscopy (see Colorectal Cancer)
Smog (Air Pollution)
Smoking Behavior
Smoking Cessation
Smoking: Indoor Restrictions
Smuggling Tobacco
Sports Medicine
State Programs in Tobacco Control
Sun Exposure (see Sunscreens; Ultraviolet Radiation)
Sunscreens
Tamoxifen
Taxation on Tobacco
Teenage Smoking (see Adolescent Smoking; Smoking Behavior)
Testicular Self-Examination
Thyroid Function Tests
Tobacco Control
Tobacco Control Advocacy and Policies—Canada
Tobacco Control Advocacy and Policies—U.S.
Tobacco Control Advocacy and Policies in Developing Countries
Tobacco Sales to Youth, Regulation of
Ultraviolet Radiation
IV. INJURIES AND VIOLENCE
A. INDIVIDUAL AND UNINTENTIONAL INJURIES
Behavioral Strategies for Reducing Traffic Crashes
Childhood Injury
Hip Fractures
Needlestick
B. INDIVIDUAL VIOLENCE
Adolescent Violence
Child Abuse (see Domestic Violence)
Crime
Domestic Violence
Gangs (see Adolescent Violence; Street Violence)
Gun Control
Homicide
Murder (see Homicide)
Reckless Driving
Spousal Violence (see Domestic Violence)
Street Violence
Suicide
Teenage Violence (see Adolescent Violence)
C. MASS VIOLENCE, DISASTERS
Arms Control
Biological Warfare
Catastrophe Theory
Chernobyl
Earthquakes (see Natural Disasters)
Famine
Floods (see Natural Disasters)
Genocide
Love Canal
Natural Disasters
Refugee Communities
Segregation
Terrorism
Three Mile Island
War
V. ORAL HEALTH
Baby Bottle Tooth Decay
Caries Prevention
Community Dental Preventive Programs
Community Water Fluoridation
Dental Fluorosis
Dental Health (see Oral Health)
Dental Sealants
Edentulism
Fluoridation (see Community Water Fluoridation)
Fluorosis (see Dental Fluorosis)
Gingivitis
Oral Cancer
Oral Health
Plaque
Teeth (see Oral Health)
VI. INTERNATIONAL HEALTH
Canadian International Development Agency
International Development of Public Health
International Development Research Centre
International Health
International Nongovernmental Organizations
International Sanctions, Health Impact of
Médecins Sans Frontières (see International Nongovernmental Organizations)
Pan American Health Organization
Refugee Communities
UNICEF
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
VII. EPIDEMIOLOGY
A. HISTORY
Epidemic Intelligence Service
Epidemiology
Eradication of Disease
Framingham Study
Historical Demography
History of Public Health
Immunizations
Miasma Theory
B. METHODS
1. TYPES OF STUDY
Case-Control Study
Cohort Study
Cross-Sectional Study
Descriptive Study
Experimental Studies (see Epidemiology)
Framingham Study
Molecular Epidemiology
Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trials
Observational Studies
Pilot Study
Prospective Study (see Cohort Study)
2. DATA COLLECTION AND PRESENTATION
Cohort Life Tables
Contingency Table
Crude Rates (see Rates)
National Health Surveys
Odds Ratio
Person-Time Rates (see Rates)
Population Attributable Risk
Prevalence (see Incidence and Prevalence)
Rates
Rates: Adjusted
Rates: Age-Adjusted
Rates: Age-Specific
Relative Risk
Significance Tests (see Statistics for Public Health)
Standardization (of Rates)
Stratification of Data
Surveillance
3. INTERPRETING DATA FOR CAUSALITY
Behavioral Determinants
Biological Determinants
Causality, Causes, and Causal Inference
Confounding, Confounding Factors
Ecological Fallacy
Environmental Determinants of Health
Halo Effect
Hawthorne Effect
Health Risk Appraisal
Incubation Period
Latent Period
Multifactorial Diseases
Population at Risk
Social Determinants
4. OTHER ASPECTS OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS
Analysis of Variance
Bayes' Theorem
Carrying Capacity
Catastrophe Theory
Chaos Theory
Dependency Ratio
Doubling Time
Ecological Footprint
Epidemic Intelligence Service
Epidemic Theory: Herd Immunity
Eradication of Disease
Human Development Index
Incidence and Prevalence
Informed Consent
Matching
Mathematical Model (see Probability Model)
Meta-Analysis
Multifactorial Diseases
National Disease and Therapeutic Index
Nomogram
Norm
Normal Distributions
Overwintering
Parasites (see Pathogenic Organisms)
Pathogenic Organisms
Prions
Probability Model
Retrovirus
Sampling
Stochastic Model (see Probability Model)
Sustainable Health
Time Series
Viruses (see Pathogenic Organisms)
C. DEMOGRAPHY
Aging of Population
Birthrate
Census
Chi-Square Test
Death Rates (see Mortality Rates)
Demographic Transition
Demographic Trap
Demography
Disparities in Health (see Inequalities in Health)
Elderly (see Gerontology)
Epidemiologic Transition
Fecundity and Fertility
Fertility (see Birthrate; Fecundity and Fertility)
Geography of Disease
Health
Historical Demography
Homelessness
Inequalities in Health
Migrant Workers
Mortality Rates
Population Density
Population Forecasts
Population Growth
Population Policies
Population Pyramid
Race and Ethnicity
Retirement
Zero Population Growth
VIII. STATISTICS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH
A. INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY
Audiotapes and Videotapes
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Biostatistics
Cancer Registries (see Registries)
Certification of Causes of Deaths
Community Health Report Cards
Computer Systems (see Information Technology)
Data Sources and Collection Methods
Epidemiologic Surveillance
Field Survey
Household Surveys (see National Health Surveys; Survey Research; Surveys)
Information Systems
Information Technology
Internet
KAP Surveys (see Surveys)
Lay Concepts of Health and Illness
MEDLINE
Notifiable Diseases
Record Linkage
Registries
Reporting, Mandatory
Statistics for Public Health
Survey Research Methods
Surveys
Video Display Terminals (see Ergonomics; Information Technology)
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System
B. VITAL STATISTICS
Assessment of Health Status
Bills of Mortality
Birth Certificates
Bureau of the Census
Causes of Death
Certification of Causes of Deaths
Child Mortality
Crude Rates (see Rates)
Death Certificates (see Certification of Causes of Death)
Death Rates (see Mortality Rates)
Disparities in Health (see Inequalities in Health)
Fecundity and Fertility
Fertility (see Birthrate; Fecundity and Fertility)
Fetal Death
Gender and Health
Global Burden of Disease
Health
Human Development Index
Inequalities in Health
Infant Mortality Rate
Life Expectancy and Life Tables
Longevity (see Life Expectancy and Life Tables)
Mortality Rates
Person-Time Rates (see Rates)
Quality of Life
Rates
Rates: Adjusted
Rates: Age-Adjusted
Rates: Age-Specific
Span of Life (see Life Expectancy and Life Tables)
Vital Statistics
Widowhood
Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL)
Zero Population Growth
C. METHODS
Analysis of Variance
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Bias
Binomial Distribution
Chi-Square Test
Classification of Disease
Computer Programming
Confounding, Confounding Factors
Contingency Table
Correlation Coefficient
Crude Rates (see Rates)
Doubling Time
Field Survey
Halo Effect
Health Measurement Scales
Health Outcomes
Household Surveys (see National Health Surveys; Survey Research; Surveys)
Incidence and Prevalence
International Classification of Diseases
KAP Surveys (see Surveys)
National Death Index
National Disease and Therapeutic Index
Nomogram
Norm
Normal Distributions
Person-Time Rates (see Rates)
Population at Risk
Prevalence (see Incidence and Prevalence)
Probability Model
Rates
Rates: Adjusted
Rates: Age-Adjusted
Rates: Age-Specific
Sampling
Significance Tests (see Statistics for Public Health)
Social Class
Standardization (of Rates)
Statistics for Public Health
Stochastic Model (see Probability Model)
Stratification of Data
Surveillance
Survey Research Methods
Time Series
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System
IX. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
A. ECOSYSTEMS
Acid Rain
Air (see Atmosphere)
Aquifer (see Groundwater)
Atmosphere
Biodiversity
Brownfields
Climate Change and Human Health
Ecological Fallacy
Ecological Footprint
Ecology (see Ecosystems)
Ecosystems
Endangered Species Act
Global Warming (see Climate Change and Human Health)
Groundwater
Groundwater Contamination
Ocean Dumping
Oil Spills
Regional Health Planning
Species Extinction
Systems Thinking
B. TOXICOLOGY
Acceptable Risk
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Airborne Particles
Ames Test
Bioavailability
Biological Oxygen Demand
Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water
Dissolved Oxygen
Dissolved Solids
Dose-Response Relationships (see Toxicology)
Exposure Assessment
Hazard Evaluation, Recognition Control (see Risk Assessment, Risk Management)
In Vivo and In Vitro Testing
Maximum Tolerated Dose
Medical Waste
Migration (see Acculturation; Assimilation; Immigrants and Immigration)
One-Hit Model
Precautionary Principle
Risk Assessment, Risk Management
Threshold
Toxic Substances Control Act
Toxic Torts
Toxicology
Uncertainty Analysis
C. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL AGENTS OF DISEASE
Airborne Particles
Arsenic
Asbestos
Benzene
Blood Lead
Carbon Monoxide
Chlorofluorocarbons
Dioxins
Electromagnetic Fields
Endocrine Disruptors
Formaldehyde
Fuel Additives
Gun Control
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Hazardous Waste
Heavy Metals
Incineration (see Hazardous Waste)
Inhalable Particles (Sulfates)
Ionizing Radiation (see Radiation, Ionizing)
Lead
Love Canal
Medical Waste
Mercury
Multiple Chemical Sensitivities
Noise
Nuclear Power
Nuclear Waste
Organochlorines
Particulates (see Airborne Particles; Inhalable Particles [Sulfates]; Total Suspended Particles [TSP])
PCBs
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)
Pesticides
Pollution
Precautionary Principle
Radiation, Ionizing
Radon
Smog (Air Pollution)
Sulfur-Containing Air Pollutants (Particulates)
Teratogens
Tetrachloroethylene
Three Mile Island
Total Suspended Particles (TSP)
D. OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AND INJURIES
Black Lung Disease (see Occupational Lung Disease)
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Cumulative Trauma
Ergonomics
Farm Injuries
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Occupational Disease
Occupational Lung Disease
Occupational Safety and Health
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Pneumoconiosis (see Occupational Lung Disease)
Workmen's Compensation (see Occupational Safety and Health)
Workplace Smoking Policies and Programs
E. DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH EXPOSURE TO CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL AGENTS
Addiction and Habituation
Cirrhosis
Gulf War Syndrome
Hearing Disorders
Lung Cancer
Melanoma
Mental Retardation
Mesothelioma
Minamata Disease
Narcotics (see Addiction and Habituation)
Occupational Lung Disease
Oral Cancer
Skin Cancer
F. OCCUPATIONAL FACTORS IN DISEASE
Asbestos
Benzene
Carbon Monoxide
Enabling Factors
Environmental Determinants of Health
Ergonomics
External Factors (see Environmental Determinants of Health)
Fair Labor Standards Act
Farm Injuries
Formaldehyde
Heavy Metals
Incineration (see Hazardous Waste)
Ionizing Radiation (see Radiation, Ionizing)
Lead
Mercury
Migrant Workers
Mining
Narcotics (see Addiction and Habituation)
Noise
Nuclear Power
Pollution, Noise (see Noise)
Pott, Percivall
Unemployment and Health
Video Display Terminals (see Ergonomics; Information Technology)
G. OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN DISEASES
Acid Rain
Air Pollution (see Ambient Air Quality [Air Pollution])
Airborne Particles
Ambient Air Quality [Air Pollution])
Ambient Water Quality
Asbestos
Automotive Emissions
Blood Lead
Carbon Monoxide
Contamination (see Pollution)
Drinking Water
E. Coli
Environmental Determinants of Health
Formaldehyde
Fuel Additives
Gun Control
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Hazardous Waste
Heavy Metals
Inhalable Particles (Sulfates)
Ionizing Radiation (see Radiation, Ionizing)
Land Use
Landfills, Sanitary
Lead
Medical Waste
Mercury
Municipal Solid Waste
Nuclear Power
Nuclear Waste
Nuisance Abatement
Ocean Dumping
Particulates (see Airborne Particles; Inhalable Particles [Sulfates]; Total Suspended Particles [TSP])
Pollution
Pollution, Water (see Ambient Water Quality)
Rural Public Health
Safety
Safety Assessment
Safety Factors
Sick Building Syndrome
Smog (Air Pollution)
Structure Activity Relationships
Sun Exposure (see Sunscreens; Ultraviolet Radiation)
Sunscreens
Three Mile Island
Water Pollution (see Ambient Water Quality)
H. HUMAN SETTLEMENTS AND HOUSING
Built Environment
Homelessness
Housing (see Regulations Affecting Housing)
Incineration (see Hazardous Waste)
Migrant Workers
Migration (see Acculturation; Assimilation; Immigrants and Immigration)
Regulations Affecting Housing
Residential Housing
Sick Building Syndrome
Slums (see Poverty; Urban Sprawl)
Urban Sprawl
I. ENVIRONMENTAL MEASUREMENTS AND STANDARDS
Acceptable Risk
Air Pollution (see Ambient Air Quality [Air Pollution])
Air Quality Index
Airborne Particles
Ambient Air Quality [Air Pollution]
Ambient Water Quality
Aquifer (see Groundwater)
Automotive Emissions
Benzene
Blood Lead
Carbon Monoxide
Children's Environmental Health Initiative
Child-Resistant Packaging
Chlorination
Clean Air Act
Clean Indoor Air Ordinances
Clean Indoor Air Legislation and Enforcement (see Smoking: Indoor Restrictions)
Clean Water Act
Community Water Fluoridation
Contamination (see Pollution)
Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water
Drinking Water
E. Coli
Emissions Trading
Environmental Impact Statement
Environmental Justice
Environmental Movement
Environmental Protection Agency
Ergonomics
External Factors (see Environmental Determinants of Health)
Fair Labor Standards Act
Fuel Additives
Gun Control
Hazard Evaluation, Recognition Control (see Risk Assessment, Risk Management)
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Hazardous Waste
Herbicides
Inhalable Particles (Sulfates)
Land Use
Landfills, Sanitary
Lead
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Noise
Not In My Backyard (NIMBY)
Nuclear Power
Nuclear Waste
Nuisance Abatement
Particulates (see Airborne Particles; Inhalable Particles [Sulfates]; Total Suspended Particles [TSP])
Pesticides
Pollution
Pollution, Noise (see Noise)
Pollution, Water (see Ambient Water Quality)
Risk Assessment, Risk Management
Risk Communication
Safety Standards
Sanitation
Sanitation in Developing Countries
Sewage System
Smog (Air Pollution)
Sunscreens
Sustainable Development
Wastewater Treatment
Water Pollution (see Ambient Water Quality)
Water Quality
Water Reuse
Water Treatment
J. ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL MEASURES
Children's Environmental Health Initiative
Child-Resistant Packaging
Chlorination
Clean Air Act
Clean Indoor Air Legislation and Enforcement (see Smoking: Indoor Restrictions)
Clean Indoor Air Ordinances
Clean Water Act
Community Water Fluoridation
Disinfection By-Products in Drinking Water
E. Coli
Environmental Impact Statement
Environmental Justice
Environmental Movement
Environmental Protection Agency
Ergonomics
Fair Labor Standards Act
Gun Control
Hazard Evaluation, Recognition Control (see Risk Assessment, Risk Management)
Landfills, Sanitary
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Not In My Backyard (NIMBY)
Nuisance Abatement
Risk Assessment, Risk Management
Risk Communication
Sanitation
Sanitation in Developing Countries
Sewage System
Sunscreens
Sustainable Development
Wastewater Treatment
Water Reuse
Water Treatment
X. BEHAVIORAL AND COMMUNITY HEALTH SCIENCES
A. SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES IN PUBLIC HEALTH
Anthropology in Public Health
Community Psychology
Cultural Anthropology
Medical Sociology
Psychology
Psychology, Health
Sociology in Public Health
B. CULTURES AND ACCULTURATION
Acculturation
African Americans
American Indians and Alaska Natives
Asian Americans
Assimilation
Biculturalism
Blacks (see African Americans)
Cross-Cultural Communication, Competence
Cultural Appropriateness
Cultural Factors
Cultural Identity
Cultural Norms
Customs
Ethnicity and Health
Ethnocentrism
Hispanic Cultures
Immigrants, Immigration
Indigenous Populations
Latinos (see Hispanic Cultures)
Marginal People
Pacific Islanders, Micronesians, Melanesians
C. COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION, SETTINGS, AND METHODS
Advocacy Groups (see Pressure Groups)
Coalitions, Consortia, and Partnerships
Communication for Health
Communication Theory
Community Assessment (see Community Health)
Community Health
Community Health Report Cards
Community Organization
Community Psychology
Decentralization and Community Health
Healthy Communities
Indigenous Populations
Pressure Groups
Refugee Communities
School Health
School Health Educational Media
Urban Health
Urban Social Disparities
Urban Sprawl
Urban Transport
D. DRUG PROBLEMS
1. ADDICTION AND HABITUATION
Addiction and Habituation
Habituation (see Addiction and Habituation)
Injection Drug Use and HIV Infection
Monitoring Drug Use
National Institute on Drug Abuse
Needle Exchange Program
Opium (see Addiction and Habituation)
Substance Abuse, Definition of
Worksite Drug Testing
2. ALCOHOL
Alcohol Use and Abuse
Alcoholism (see Alcohol Use and Abuse)
Armed Forces Alcohol and Drug Abuse Programs
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
3. COCAINE
Cocaine and Crack Cocaine
4. MARIJUANA
Hashish (see Marijuana)
Marijuana
5. NICOTINE
Adolescent Smoking
Enforcement of Retail Sales of Tobacco
Environmental Tobacco Smoke
Mass Media and Tobacco Control
Tobacco Control
Tobacco Sales to Youth, Regulation of
E. BEHAVIOR, NATURE, DETERMINANTS, AND CHANGE
Absenteeism
Abstinence
Addiction and Habituation
Adherence or Compliance Behavior
Advertising of Unhealthy Products
Antisocial Behavior
Attitudes
Behavioral Change
Behavioral Determinants
Behavior, Health-Related
Bereavement
Compliance (see Adherence or Compliance Behavior)
Conflicts of Interests
Counseling
Counter-Marketing of Tobacco
Crisis Counseling
Diffusion and Adoption of Innovations
Diffusion Theory
Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE)
Family Health
Family Planning Behavior
Game Theory
Health Belief Model
Health Books
Home Testing
Hotlines, Helplines, Telephone Counseling
Illness and Sick-Role Behavior
Internet
Just-Say-No Campaign
Lifestyle
Mass Media
Mass Media and Tobacco Control
Media Advocacy
Patient Educational Media
Planned Parenthood
Posters
PRECEDE-PROCEED Model
Predisposing Factors
Prejudice
Preventive Health Behavior
Radio
Self-Care Behavior
Self-Help Groups
Social Assessment in Health Promotion Planning
Social Cognitive Theory
Social Marketing Social Networks and Social Support
Stages of Change (see Transtheoretical Model of Stages of Change)
Stress
Substance Abuse, Definition of
Theory of Planned Behavior
Theory of Reasoned Action
Traditional Health Beliefs, Practices
Transtheoretical Model of Stages of Change
Universal Precautions
Wellness Behavior
XI. PERSONAL HEALTH SERVICES
A. PREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICES
American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
American College of Preventive Medicine
Birth Control (see Contraception)
Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Clinical Preventive Services
Contraception
Disease Prevention
Epidemic Intelligence Service
Health Maintenance
Health Risk Appraisal
Immunizations
Infant Health (see Child Health Services; Infant Mortality Rate; Well-Baby Clinics)
Morning After Pill (see Contraception)
Newborn Screening
Periodic Health Examination
Personal Health Services
Prenatal Care
Prevention Prevention Block Grant
Prevention Research
Preventive Medicine
Primary Prevention
Screening
Secondary Prevention
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
Tertiary Prevention
Travel Health Precautions
United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (see Immunizations)
B. DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPEUTIC HEALTH SERVICES
Abortion
Abortion Laws Alternative, Complementary, and Integrative Medicine
Barefoot Doctors
Barrier Nursing
Black Magic and Evil Eye
Blood Pressure
Chinese Traditional Medicine
Churches (see Faith-Based Organizations)
Clinical Trials (see Epidemiology)
Complete Blood Count
Confidentiality
Counseling
Crisis Counseling
Diagnostic Sonography
Drug Resistance
Electrocardiography
Enzyme Immunoassay
Eugenics
Evidence-Based Medicine
Faith-Based Organizations
Faith Healers
Folk Medicine
Genes
Genetic Disorders
Genetics and Health
Geriatrics
Herbal Medicine (see Chinese Traditional Medicine; Holistic Medicine)
Holistic Medicine
Human Genome Project
Infertility (see Reproduction)
Integrative Medicine (see Alternative, Complementary, and Integrative Medicine)
Medical Genetics
Medications Abuse, Elderly
Monitoring Drug Use
Multi-Drug Resistance
Nursing Homes
Perinatology
Primary Care
Record Linkage
Shamanic Healing
Ultrasound (see Diagnostic Sonography)
Urinalysis
Urine Cytology
Urine Dipstick
V02 Max
C. ORGANIZATION OF, ACCESS TO, AND FINANCING OF PERSONAL HEALTH SERVICES
Access to Health Services
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
Community and Migrant Health Centers
Community Mental Health Centers
Community Mental Health Services
Economics of Health
Equity and Resource Allocation
Finance as a Career
Health Care Financing
Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)
Health Resources and Services Administration Hospital Administration
Managed Care
National Health Insurance
Primary Care
Prison Health
Right to Health
Uninsurance Universal Health Care (see National Health Systems; Uninsurance)
Well-Baby Clinics
D. SPECIFIC PROGRAMS OF PERSONAL HEALTH SERVICES
Child Care, Daycare
Child Health Services
Child Welfare
Daycare (see Child Care, Daycare)
Head Start Program
Healthy Start Infant Health (see Child Health Services; Infant Mortality Rate; Well-Baby Clinics)
Low-Birthweight Infants (see Infant Health; Infant Mortality Rate; Perinatology; Pregnancy)
Maternal and Child Health
Maternal and Child Health Block Grant
Medicaid
Medicare
Neighborhood Health Centers
Prenatal Care
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
Women, Infants, and Children Program (WIC)
XII. HISTORY, PHILOSOPHY, AND ETHICS OF PUBLIC HEALTH
A. BIOGRAPHIES OF IMPORTANT FIGURES IN PUBLIC HEALTH
Thomas Bayes
William Beveridge
John Shaw Billings
Rachel Carson
Edwin Chadwick
Charles Robert Darwin
Dorothea Dix
Paul Ehrlich
William Farr
Carlos Finlay
Girolamo Fracastoro
Johann Peter Frank
Wade Hampton Frost
Joseph Goldberger
John Graunt
Alice Hamilton
Jacob Henle
Hippocrates of Cos
Oliver Wendell Holmes
Edward Jenner
Robert Koch
Alexander Langmuir
Alphonse Laveran
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
James Lind
Joseph Lister
Pierre Charles Alexandre Louis
Thomas Robert Malthus
Patrick Manson
Florence Nightingale
Louis Pasteur
Percivall Pott
Bernardino Ramazzini
Walter Reed
Howard Ricketts
Ronald Ross
Benjamin Rush
Margaret Sanger
Ignaz Semmelweis
Lemuel Shattuck
John Simon
John Snow
Thomas Sydenham
Edgar Sydenstricker
Rudolph Virchow
Charles-Edward Amory Winslow
B. SIGNIFICANT EPISODES IN PUBLIC HEALTH
Alma-Ata Declaration
Black Death
Chernobyl
Chlorination
Community Water Fluoridation
Eradication of Disease
Essential Public Health Services
Germ Theory of Disease (see Theories of Health and Illness)
History of Public Health
HIV/AIDS
Immunizations
Influenza
Love Canal
Miasma Theory
Plague
Three Mile Island
Tobacco Control
C. PHILOSOPHY OF PUBLIC HEALTH
Beneficence
Benefits, Ethics, and Risks
Future of Public Health
History of Public Health
Impartiality and Advocacy
Inequalities in Health
Nonmaleficence
Paternalism
Philosophical Basis for Public Health
Policy for Public Health
Poverty and Health
Right to Health
Social Health
Social Medicine
Systems Thinking
Values (see Benefits, Ethics, and Risks; Ethics of Public Health)
Values in Health Education
D. ETHICS OF PUBLIC HEALTH
Accountability
Autonomy
Benefits, Ethics, and Risks
Civil Rights (see Minority Rights)
Codes of Conduct and Ethics Guidelines
Confidentiality
Conflicts of Interests
Environmental Justice
Ethics of Public Health
Fraud and Misrepresentation
Informed Consent
Minority Rights
Peer Review
Privacy
XIII. NUTRITION
A. BIOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS
Atherosclerosis
Blood Lipids
Cardiovascular Diseases
Caries Prevention
Coronary Artery Disease
Diabetes Mellitus
Disease Prevention
Energy
Glycosylated Hemoglobin
Goiter
HDL Cholesterol
Hyperlipidemia
Krebs Cycle
LDL Cholesterol
Lipoproteins
Nutrition
Obesity (see Nutrition; Physical Activity)
Thyroid Disorders
VLDL Cholesterol
B. COMPONENTS
Alcohol Use and Abuse
Drinking Water
Fats
Fiber
Folic Acid
Foods and Diets
Iodine
Iron
Micronutrient Malnutrition
Minerals (see Nutrition)
Triglycerides
C. OTHER ASPECTS OF NUTRITION
Alternative, Complementary, and Integrative Medicine
Behavior, Health-Related
Behavioral Determinants
Cultural Factors
Customs
Eating Disorders
Edentulism
Famine Food-Borne Diseases
Food and Drug Administration
Health Promotion and Education
International Sanctions, Health Impact of
Nutrition in Health Departments
Nutritional Disorders (see Nutrition)
Regulations Affecting Restaurants
Starvation (see Famine)
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
XIV. LABORATORY SERVICES
Assurance of Laboratory Testing Quality
Blot, Western
Clinical Laboratories Improvement Act
Laboratory Practice Standards and Guidelines
Laboratory Services
Laboratory Technician
Microbiologist
Reference Laboratory
XV. PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE LAW
Abortion Laws
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Clean Air Act
Clean Indoor Air Ordinances
Clean Water Act
Clinical Laboratories Improvement Act
Endangered Species Act
Landmark Public Health Laws and Court Decisions
Legal Liability of Public Health Officials
Legislation and Regulation
Licensing No-Fault Legislation (see Legislation and Regulation)
Police Powers
Public Health and the Law
Regulations Affecting Housing
Regulations Affecting Restaurants
Regulatory Authority
Restaurants (see Regulations Affecting Restaurants)
Title V
Toxic Substances Control Act
Water Quality Act (see Clean Water Act)
